系統(tǒng)要求

要安裝并運(yùn)行Flutter，您的開發(fā)環(huán)境必須滿足以下最低要求:

• 操作系統(tǒng): macOS (64-bit)；
• 磁盤空間: 700 MB (不包括Xcode或Android Studio的磁盤空間）；
• 工具: Flutter 依賴下面這些命令行工具；

bash, mkdir, rm, git, curl, unzip, which

獲取Flutter SDK

要獲得Flutter，請(qǐng)先使用git克隆Flutter，然后將該flutter工具添加到您的用戶路徑。

如果這是您第一次在此機(jī)器上安裝Flutter，請(qǐng)克隆beta分支，然后將該flutter工具添加到您的系統(tǒng)路徑中:

git clone -b beta https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git export PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cn //國(guó)內(nèi)用戶需要設(shè)置 export FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://storage.flutter-io.cn //國(guó)內(nèi)用戶需要設(shè)置 export PATH=`pwd`/flutter/bin:$PATH 

注意： 以上配置命令為當(dāng)前終端窗口臨時(shí)設(shè)置PATH變量，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)重新啟動(dòng)后配置的PATH變量丟失，在終端執(zhí)行flutter doctor 提示command not found 。所以我們要將Flutter PATH環(huán)境變量永久添加到系統(tǒng)路徑中，以便可以運(yùn)行flutter命令在任何終端會(huì)話中。

具體步驟如下：

1.確定您Flutter SDK的目錄，您將在步驟3中用到；
2.在終端打開(或創(chuàng)建) $HOME/.bash_profile. 文件路徑和文件名可能在您的機(jī)器上不同；
3.添加以下行并更改[PATH_TO_FLUTTER_GIT_DIRECTORY]為克隆Flutter的git repo的路徑；

下面貼一個(gè)筆者本機(jī)(mac)的環(huán)境變量配置

//Android sdk 環(huán)境變量配置（沒配置的需要配置） export ANDROID_HOME="/Users/geek/Library/Android/sdk"export PATH=${PATH}:${ANDROID_HOME}/tools export PATH=${PATH}:${ANDROID_HOME}/platform-tools//Flutter sdk 環(huán)境變量配置 export PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cn export FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://storage.flutter-io.cn export PATH=/Users/geek/flutter/bin:$PATH //注意說明：geek為我本機(jī)的用戶名，配置時(shí)請(qǐng)?zhí)鎿Q為你自己本機(jī)的用戶名；注意確認(rèn)自己Flutter SDK本機(jī)路徑； 

注意： 由于一些flutter命令需要聯(lián)網(wǎng)獲取數(shù)據(jù)，如果您是在國(guó)內(nèi)訪問，由于眾所周知的原因，直接訪問很可能不會(huì)成功。 上面的PUB_HOSTED_URL和FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL是google為國(guó)內(nèi)開發(fā)者搭建的臨時(shí)鏡像。

以上配置完成后執(zhí)行以下命令：

//1.刷新當(dāng)前終端窗口 source $HOME/.bash_profile //2.查看Flutter配置是否已經(jīng)在PATH環(huán)境變量 echo $PATH 

運(yùn)行 flutter doctor 顯示您可能需要安裝的剩余依賴項(xiàng)

sunnydeMacBook-Pro:cache geek$ flutter doctor ╔════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗ ║ WARNING: your installation of Flutter is 74 days old.║ ║║ ║ To update to the latest version, run "flutter upgrade".║ ╚════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝ Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v): [?] Flutter (Channel beta, v0.5.1, on Mac OS X 10.11.6 15G20015, locale zh-Hans) [!] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK 28.0.2) ! Some Android licenses not accepted.To resolve this, run: flutter doctor --android-licenses [!] iOS toolchain - develop for iOS devices (Xcode 8.2.1) ? Flutter requires a minimum Xcode version of 9.0.0. Download the latest version or update via the Mac App Store. ? Brew not installed; use this to install tools for iOS device development. Download brew at https://brew.sh/. [?] Android Studio (version 3.1) [?] IntelliJ IDEA Ultimate Edition (version 2018.2) [!] Connected devices! Doctor found issues in 3 categories. 

一般的錯(cuò)誤會(huì)是xcode或Android Studio版本太低、或者沒有ANDROID_HOME環(huán)境變量等，請(qǐng)按照提示解決。本機(jī)執(zhí)行flutter doctor命令后提示老版本，需更新至最新版本；

更新Flutter SDK 至最新版本

sunnydeMacBook-Pro:cache geek$ flutter upgrade Upgrading Flutter from /Users/geek/flutter... From https://github.com/flutter/flutter01d6444..ef71d9dmaster -> origin/master Already up-to-date.Upgrading engine... Already up-to-date.Flutter 0.5.1 ? channel beta ? https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git Framework ? revision c7ea3ca377 (3 months ago) ? 2018-05-29 21:07:33 +0200 Engine ? revision 1ed25ca7b7 Tools ? Dart 2.0.0-dev.58.0.flutter-f981f09760Running flutter doctor... Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v): [?] Flutter (Channel beta, v0.5.1, on Mac OS X 10.11.6 15G20015, locale zh-Hans) [!] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK 28.0.2) ! Some Android licenses not accepted.To resolve this, run: flutter doctor --android-licenses [!] iOS toolchain - develop for iOS devices (Xcode 8.2.1) ? Flutter requires a minimum Xcode version of 9.0.0. Download the latest version or update via the Mac App Store. ? Brew not installed; use this to install tools for iOS device development. Download brew at https://brew.sh/. [?] Android Studio (version 3.1) [?] IntelliJ IDEA Ultimate Edition (version 2018.2) [!] Connected devices! Doctor found issues in 3 categories. 

遇到打開Android Studio的時(shí)候頂部的模擬器一直是loading狀態(tài)，即使已經(jīng)打開了模擬器。 運(yùn)行flutter doctor 提示如下：

Waiting for another flutter command to release the startup lock 

查了一下github的flutter issue 找到了解決方法，如下：
1、打開flutter的安裝目錄/bin/cache/ ；
2、刪除lockfile文件（rm -rf lockfle）；
3、重啟AndroidStudio；

Android Studio配置Flutter環(huán)境

• 啟動(dòng)Android Studio.
• 打開插件首選項(xiàng) (Preferences>Plugins on macOS,File>Settings>Plugins on Windows & Linux).
• 選擇 Browse repositories…, 選擇 Flutter 插件并點(diǎn)擊 install.

• 重啟Android Studio后插件生效.
  具體如下圖所示：

  
  1.png

配置Flutter SDK路徑

2.png

配置Dart SDK路徑

3.png

創(chuàng)建Flutter 工程

首次創(chuàng)建Flutter工程可能會(huì)有一個(gè)漫長(zhǎng)的等待過程

4.png

完美運(yùn)行第一個(gè)Flutter應(yīng)用

調(diào)試狀態(tài)下運(yùn)行應(yīng)用啟動(dòng)后右上角會(huì)有一個(gè)DEBUG的標(biāo)志

WechatIMG84.jpeg

總結(jié)：配置Flutter的過程配置了兩次，第一次配置是在當(dāng)前終端窗口臨時(shí)設(shè)置PATH變量，系統(tǒng)重啟后配置丟失了，執(zhí)行flutter doctor,提示命令無效，打開Android Studio創(chuàng)建Flutter工程一直漫長(zhǎng)的等待，就想著是否哪里配置有問題。就又慮一遍配置細(xì)節(jié)，終于配置完成。以上是所有配置過程，希望能幫到你。

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